High pressure hose coupling



rh 16, 1943. A. c. LUSHER ET AL 2,314,009

4HIGH PRESSURE HOSE COUTSLING Filed Nov. 26, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet l P27 az.

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,S f ""g l 22 29 [as r March 16, 1943. A 'Q LUSHER ETAL 2,314,000

HIGH PRESSURE HOSE GOUPLING Filed NOV. 26, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Gttor egS- Upon the nipple I3 there is tted a clincher or spider member illustrated in perspective in Figure 8. Such member may be blanked' out from suitable gauge spring steel stock and bent to shape to produce a base member 22, for instance in the form of a disc having a central opening to admit of its being slipped over the nipple I3. The base member carries springngers 23 projecting in a direction generally inward of the base22 but canted or inclined angularly orl diagonally. The spring ngers 23 are separated by V-shaped or other slits 24 which admit of a relative movement of the ngers with respect to oneanother along the spring hinge lines dened by their juncture-with the disc base 22. These lingers 23 may be generally triangular in form with their base lines forming their lines of hinge connection with the base 22 and with their outer free ends removed or truncated to produce blunt noses 25 for better cooperating with the innermost shouldery I6 of the nipple I3.

Still referring to Figure 8 and to the clincher or spider member, the'base disc 22 carries at its outer edge a number, at least three or more, of elongated jaws 23 which are curved transversely curvature of the hose about which these jaws are adapted to clamp. Adjacent the'disc 22 the jaws' 26 have cut-out portions 46 to narrow down those portions of the jaws that are bent during the collapsing operation and to facilitate the transverse shaping of the jaws. to the substantial contour of the hose. The` number of jaws 23 required for the clincher member is determined by the size or the" hose and the maximum amount of width of each jaw that may be permitted vto assure a bending action ofthe jaw at its line of 'junction with the disc. 'I'he total width 'of the jaws in practice has generally been found to be from 60 to `80% of the circumference of the hose. 'I'he larger the coupling is the more jawsare required to apv bc effective against axial strains in the rubber material ofthe hose through which the teeth penetrate.

Other teeth 29 are preferably carried by each jaw 26 having base connecting lines 30 which connect the teeth 29 with the respective jaw 26. The teeth 2S may be also of triangular form reversely reproduced so `that-the apexes of the openings 3i and 32 left by the formation of the teeth 21 and 29 point mutually. toward one another except that the line of teeth 2'I and their on a radius to conform generally to the external proach the circumferential area oi the hose that is to be embraced and still be within the bounds of permissible manufacture. l,

The jaws have bending line connection with the outer edge of the base disc 22 by which theyv are preferably integrally carried. All of the jaws carry-teeth 2l. A convenient form of tooth isthe triangular tooth shown as struck from the body of the jaw and bent inwardly thereof. These teeth are cut along two sides of thetriangle with the bases 28 forming the bending lines on which such teeth are up struck. These bending lines 28 are'shown as extending in a longitudinal line,

that is in 'a line longitudinally of the longated jaws 26, and such line i's parallel with the coupling and hose axis for the purpose of presenting the teeth 2l edgewise to the direction of movement of the hose away from or outjof the cou-,y pling body.' With the teeth disposed in the abovev manner fthe maximum strength of the teeth is lthe minimum width of the teeth only are exposed to and serve to overc me any axial strains resulting in the outer layer of hose material. it is within the purview of this invention, if desired, to incline the teeth slightly to the axis-of the couplingwhereupon a broader area of the teeth will clincher member.

openings 3l arestaggered with respect to the lineof teeth 29 and their openings 32. The staggered formation will not only avoid undue weakening of the jaws 2B but will also present the teeth 2l and 29 at diierent circumferential points on the hose.

Referring more particularly to Figure 10, a modiiled form oi c'ylindenmember is shown in which the disc 22a is cup-shaped having a flange ,4l from the free edge ofwhich the jaws 26 project. The cut-out portions 46e occur at the points where the jaws 26 join the edge of the flange 4l Ato facilitate bending of the jaws 26 both Atransversely or arcuately and with reference to the 'flanged disc 22a and hose.

In some cases the use to which the coupling may be put will require that the clincher member will be made stronger than in other cases. To this end the modification of Fig. 10 is presented wherein the base disc 22B is cupped or provided with ange 41, which construction will strengthen considerably that portion of the ber.

A sleeve 33, shown more partlcularlyin Figure 9, is adapted to be slipped over the coupling body and the jews 26, .and such sleeve is formed with a nut portion 34 to mate with the nut portion II of the coupling body |02 Adjoining the nut portion 34, the'sleeve 33 is bulged outwardly slightly, as indicated at 35, to enable the main cylindrical body of the sleeve 33, exclusive of the nut portion 34, to be of an initially large diameter subject to being contracted upon the coupling, hose and The nut portion 34 of the sleeve carries `a ilange 31 with an opening 36 to clincher mem- Yiit over the male end I2 vof the coupling body.

In Figure 3 we have shown a plunger tool 38 having a socket 39 for aiding in the assembly oi the clincher or spider member upon the coupling body and an anvil member 45 against which the adjacent face of the nut section may be abutted.

In Figure 4 we have illustrated a split die 40 having an opening 42 to pass over the hose with a aring mouth 4I at one end for the purpose of engaging and die contracting the sleeve 33.

Referring to `Figure 3, the coupling body I0 is shown to be of a variety of coupling body well known in the art. The clincher member shown in Figure 8 is assembled on this coupling body by initially placing the clincher member in the full line positio'nshown in Figure 3 in which the central opening of the base 22 receives the nippl'e I3 and the inclined or canted spring fingers `23 lie along the outermost buttress toothlli. ,The

clincher member may be driven home over the nipple I3 in any suitable *mannerY and by any suitable instrumentality. For convenience we prefer to employ an anvil 45 against which the body I0 seats and a plunger tool 38, 'the end of which is shaped to engage the disc base 22 and the socket 39 of which enables the tool to be reto the final or home position'indicated in dotted coupling.

.soft'so as 'to' permit .aslaooo Y. 13

linesinl this Figure 3. L`In moving along-the nip-- ple 1 3, the lingers 23 will be alternately .sprung outwardly by the progressively wider diameters' ofthe buttress. teeth II andallo'wed'to snap` inwardly by their own inherent elasticity behind In the home position the disc base 22 normally rests against the abutment wall Il of the nut portion li of the couplingbody while the spring' nngers II-clasp .the cylindrical neck- Il with the bluntnoses 2l-thereof intcrlockingiy pgsitioned in .back of the innermost, annular shoulder I l and may 'be adapted to, engage the same when any abnormal axial strains are exerted uponthe 'riziires 3 and s snow the relative pusieranor the jaws 26 to the clincher memberin' a preas- 'sembled state. In other words the jaws 2l di- .verge outwardly. In this position the jaws 26 f do' not interfere' with the assembly of the hose over thev nipple i3 in the customary way.

The cllncher member is preferably made of the position -shcwn in-Figures -3 and'a in which such jaws are normally open or outstanding away from thenipple i8.

lt is preferred that the material rremfw'nicn the clincher member 'is blanked be rst relatively.

appearing in liigure 8. After theclinchermem ber is formed it is tempered to 'give it the proper strength and resiliency and for thepu'rpose of thehose and the `:laws 26 of the clincher member f may be collapsed about the outside ofJ the hose 'toan initial extent'by squeezing such' jaws .26

L the various forming Pra' tions necessary to make the member in the shape 35 wire mesh of the hose.

-' may terminate more to the right away from such nut portion.` v

The high pressure hose will, ordinarily be of a'materiaiw'hich is relatively thickwith an in'- 5 termediate iiller of. numerous interwoven layers .of 'wire strands 2l. 'I'he teeth- 21 and 29 of the jaws 28 are hardened to permit such teeth to pentratethrougl' the outer rubber layer and the points thereof to .be firmly embedded directly into the Iwire mesh, as indicated in Figure 2,-

thereby assuring a very strong coupling lconnection.'

It will Ybe noted, particularly from Figure" 4, that'l the sleeve has a twofold function in that:

iirstit is very leasily put into initial place and in such initial place (Figure 4') such sleeve holds al the hose and the other `parts together in`assem-v bled relation while the die-40 is moved over the sleeve; second in its final condition of radial contraction the sleeve 33 (Figures land 2) compresses the hose and contracts'the cllncher or spider? member and serves to maintain ail'of the parts in the iinal set up position. I

From' the foregoing it will be appreciated that A the improved coupling acts te interlek the parte 4resilient steel and the. Jaws 28 arev outwarily' A `sprung initially so that they normally assume so as to` prevent axial displacement of the parts relative to each other, as well as the hose relative-to the coupling. The ability of the coupling in the following manner. The teeth of the Jaws are caused to penetrate through the outer layer of 'rubber material and bite securely` into the Any force tending` to axially dislodgetne here "will be transmitted through'the teeth to the :law members, then in `turn through the disc to the spring lingers which are securely engaged-and lockedi'n back of the 4Q 'innermost buttress tooth oi the nipple.

`The axial strains which the present invention has been designed to cope with are not so much f I external pulling on the hose or on the. coupling as 'those which ,result from the internal h igh Anut section i I of the coupling body. I.. "I'his comf .plementalinterilttingof the two nut portionswill c f k Y, i 1 -1 serve towomromon of the sl'eeve u relatively 50 to withstand such shoc and s mu taneous y to in the hand or by other means or bv slipping the .pressure force that is transmitted through the sleeve 33 thereover lin the manner indicated'in' hoge, such internal high pressure force, asvfor Figures YIn thisnaurethe nut portion of thev instance in grease guns. 'tends' te blow the eeu- S1elle-i8-sh0wn 828.8112166 with the Corresponding Y pling off the end of the hose and the improved high` pressurecoupling is designed and` built be leale prooi.

t the um `Another advantagefcerived fro'mtne novelferm the sleeve 33 and'indioate when the sleeve has been driven home tonal position. This movement of the sleeve intothe final. positionl 'shown in Fi'gureii further collapses the jaws 28 .against thebody of the hose.y In this position `of the parts the contracting die member liifis. forced over the sleeve member 33 starting from thef inner end -oi such sleeve member and working".

outwardly, thatis the die member 40v is moved to the left as viewed in Figure 4 or toward the anvil It. -This action of the-'die causes .therav dially`inward` contraction of the metallic sleeve 32 which will be made of a material admitting of tnistentraetion and 'of asumeient rigid'boiiy l that ron such contraction 4will withstand ,the ut'l wardly bulging pressure of the'hose and clincher.

` 'memben I y 70 Obviously the die il cannot bemoved over 'the .nut portion 34 and the line indicative of the limit of die movement is shown in Figure l, although this limit may be caused to approach closfer to mayjle of construction ofthe present invention is that rials depending -upon the conditions to which the couplings are subjected. Such V.concept is new in relation to high'pressure couplings no w on the market whichare made of'one piece. Such one piece couplingsare either turned out from solid 0 rod or made by a forging process; in'both cases i presenting a kind of materiai that is diiilcult to' deform. In the' present .instance Vthere isno need to deform the body` part but the outside sleeve,iwhich -is to be deformedf-can beselectecl of a material that-isitted -folthat purpose. For A the strength that is needed the jaw members may .be made of steel and hardened after they are formed. Where the coupling is toghe used in airplanes, bo'th body and shell parts may .be made ofalul'ninum. In case thev coupling is to be sub- '.iectedtto a highly abrasive fluid, the body part thatwill have to withstand the abrasiveaction made of a suitable steel. `In this sens the nut portionif desired, or on the other; hand the present invention 'provides fiexibleness in the coupling enabling it to readily lend itself to various uses and conditions. Y e

In contracting the outside sleeve in the manner done by forcing the die from the outer end inwardly subjects the hose material conned within the coupling to such a. tremendous pres- Y sure as to cause the part of each gripper jaw lying next to the bulbous part 85 of the sleeve or shell 33 to be sprung into the hollow cavity thereof, as lshown in Figure 2. Such distortion of the .laws provides a still further mechanical advantage to prevent axial derangement of the parts.

Present commercial high pressure couplings require that the outside layer of rubber material ofthe hose be ground or skived o down to the' 'wire mesh and the coupling collapsed directly upon such wire mesh. Our invention obviates any such removal of rubber material and provides means for penetrating the outer layer of the rubber and interlocking or embedding into the wire mesh for a secure point of anchorage.

. Heretofore high pressure couplings have been made of brass or other deformable material.

` Such material is not very hard and the teeth become easily dulled. However with the present form of device the clincher member may be made of steel which is heat treated so that the hardened teeth that are embedded into the wire mesh will not have their points easily dulled or mutilated.

It is obvious that various changes and modiiications may be made in the details of construction and design of the above specifically described embodiment of this invention without asiaooo tering an endv portion of the hose, a-clincher member having a yieldable part interlocked with the shouldered'portion of -th'e nipple and also having a. movable Jaw for contacting the outer' portion of the hose, said Jaw having teeth 4of substantially triangular form cut and struck out of the material of said jaw along base lines which extend substantially parallel to the axis of the coupling and hose. and a sleeve contracted against the outer surface of said jaw to move the jaw forcibly radially inwardly against the hose to cause said teeth to enter the meshes of the hose reinforcement.

Il. A coupling for hose and the like embodying inner and outer concentric rubber layers with an intermediate layer of mesh metallic reinforcing material comprising a coupling body having a nut portion and a shouldered nipple extendinginto an end of said hose. a clincher memberhaving a base portion lying freely against said nut portion and also having spring iingerscontacting said nipple and engaging the .shouldered portion thereof, said clincher member also having jaws y foldable inwardly upon the outer portion of the against said abutment wall and having spring fingers in the space between the abutment wall and innermost shoulder and confined by the latter. against axial movement 4in that direction and a sleeve means movable over said jaws from the base portion outwardly and contracted thereagainst to compress' the hose between the jaws and the nipple, and a means interlocking said sleeve with said body to prevent relative rotation.

2. A coupling comprising a coupling body. having a polygonal portion and a nipple having shouldered buttress teeth, a hose fitted over said nipple, a clincher memberf fitted freely against said nut portion and havingspring fingers contacting the nipple and a shoulder of a buttress.

tooth, said clincher member also having normally outsprung jaws with teeth thereon adapted to bite into said hose. and a sleeve having a oylin+ drical portion slid over said clincher member and included portion of the hose ,and having a polygonal portion complemental to the polygona'lportion of the coupling body and a flange for engag-y hose, said jaws having two series of triangular teeth arranged in relatively staggered formation and with their apexes directed inwardly toward one another, said triangular teeth being bent inwardly upon their long base lines which extend longitudinally of the coupling axis, said teeth being sumciently long to penetrate the outer hose layer and enter the interstic'es of the mesh reinforcement. and a sleeve contracted about said jaws to move the jaws forciblyradially inwardly against the hose to cause said'teeth to enter the meshes of the hose reinforcing material.

5. In a coupling for high pressure hose comprising a. coupling body having a flanged section and a nipple to fit within the end of the hose, a clincher member having jaws for engaging the outside of the hose and means for snap locking engagement with said nipple,V said jaws having teeth for engagementin the-hose materials deformable sleeve telescoped over said ange and said clincher member having means4 abutting at one end against said flange as a stop, said sleeve being die-contracted from the other end outwardly a portion of its length and having an intermediate swelled portion within winch the material of the end of the hose 'and the adjacent section of the jaws are deformed coincident with the contracting operation.

6. A coupling for high pressure hose comprising a coupling body having a anged section and deformable sleeve telescoped over said flange and said clincher member having means abutting at one end against said flange as a stop. said sleeve having an intermediate swelled portion within which the material of the end portion oi' the hose and jaws are received.

7. Agcoupllng for high pressure hose compris-Y ing a coupling body having a part to tit within ing aside of said polygonal portion opposite from l said-clincher member to limit the axial sliding movement of said sleeve over said clinchermemthe end 'of a hose a clincher member having means to interlock with said coupling body and provided with external means for engaging the .outside of the hose, and a deformable sleeve tele' scoped over said coupling body and clincher member being die-contracted for a portion of its length down to a diameter to cause squeezing of the external means tightly upon the hose, said deformable sleeve in its deformed condition having a swelled portion within which the material of the hose and included material of said external means are received.,

8. An improved hose coupling comprising a coupling body having .an intermediate flange and a nipple to t within the hose, a. buttress tooth cii'cumventingv said nipple andspaced from said flange, a clincher member comprising an annular base abutted against the inner or nipple side of said ange and having equally spaced spring ny gers biased from the inner edge of said base and interlocked with said buttress teeth, jaws integrally formed to the outer edge of said base and initially sprung outwardly therefrom, a sleeve Y means adapted to' be slipped over said yjaws from the base end of said clincher member toward the outer free end of said jaw to move .the same inwardly upon the hose, and a stop ange integral with said sleeve Aabutted against the outer wall of said body ilange as a stop.

9. A high pressure hose coupling comprising a substantially rigid coupling body having a nipple to enter the hose and a polygonal enlarged portion,v a separate malleable sleeve having a polygonal portion closely tting over the corresponding polygonal portion of the coupling body, and a' generally cylindrical skirt portion envelopportion,

` die-contracted sleeve.

ing the hose and nipple and die-contracted sub stantially throughout' its cylindrical area into squeezing relation upon the hose. and clincher means interlocked with said nipple and interposed between the hose and said die-contracted sleeve.

10. Ahigh pressure hose coupling comprising a, substantially rigid coupling body having a nipple to -enter the hose and an enlarged polygonal a separate malleable sleeve having an open end and a substantially cylindrical skirt of suilicent initial diameter to axially slide over the enlarged portion to cause the skirt to envelop the nipple and included part of the hose, said sleeve having a polygonal portion to slide on and mate with the enlarged portion of the coupling body, said' sleeve also having means on'the end portion opposite to the open end toengage with the enlarged portion to arrest the axial movement of the sleeve in its final home position, said sleeve being die-contracted substantially throughout its entire cylindrical area to compress the hose radially inward at all circumferential points upon the rigid nipple, and clincher means interlocked with said nipple and interposed betweeny said hose and y ALBERT 4c. LUsHEa. l ALLAN c. HOFFMAN. 

